Table of contents:
- Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City Introduction
- Where is the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City
- The Origins: Who Built the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City?
- A Blend of Architectural Styles: Gothic, Baroque, and Neoclassical
- Artistic Treasures Inside the Cathedral
- The Crypts: Who is Buried in the Metropolitan Cathedral?
- The Templo Mayor: The Ancient Aztec Connection
- Legends and Mysteries of the Metropolitan Cathedral
- Religious Devotions: Las Ánimas del Purgatorio and Other Figures
- Hidden Gems: The Museums Inside the Cathedral
- The Bell Tower: Climbing to the Top
- Final Tips
- Conclusion
- Informative Video
Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City: A Journey Through Time, Art, and Mystery
What is the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City? Well, it is basically a masterpiece. It is situated at the heart of the historic center of Mexico City (Zocalo). Not only Mexico’s largest and most important cathedral, it is also one of the most beautiful religious buildings in the Americas.
Constructed over a span of nearly three centuries, its architecture reveals a mix of Gothic, Baroque, Neoclassical and Churrigueresque styles that represent Mexico’s ever-changing history. Among its monumental walls are the ruins of the ancient Templo Mayor, the spiritual core of the Aztec Empire. Apart from its history and its religious importance, the cathedral houses priceless pieces of art, fascinating legends and even hidden museums.
After the fall of Tenochtitlan City in 1524,
Hernán Cortés ordered the destruction of the temple of Quetzalcóatl to build the first cathedral in his new city. All was an order from the king of Spain. Converted into a cathedral in 1534 by Pope Clement VII and later named metropolitan in 1552, the original cathedral proved insufficient for the growing Catholic population.
In 1573, construction began on a new cathedral, which combined Gothic, Baroque and neoclassical elements, using the foundations of the Mexica temples. However, it faced challenges such as fires, earthquakes and looting for almost 300 years. It even was threatened with destruction in 1856 by Governor Juan José Baz due to religious conflicts, but was saved by the energetic action of the parishioners, becoming since then an iconic symbol of Mexico City.
In this article, we will explore the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City, from its art and architecture to its buried, fantastic figures, religious devotions, legends and curious facts.
Where is the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City?
The Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City is in the middle of the historic center of Mexico City, right on the Zocalo. You can find it at P.za de la Constitución S/N, Centro Histórico de la Cdad. de México, Centro, Cuauhtémoc, 06000 Ciudad de México, CDMX
It’s just a hop, skip, and a jump away from the Zocalo-Tenochtitlan station on Line 2 of the metro. This place is surrounded by other cool spots like the National Palace, the Templo Mayor ruins, and old buildings from way back when.
The Origins: Who Built the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City?
Were you wondering how old is the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City?The construction of the Cathedral began in 1573 under the orders of King Philip II of Spain, and it took nearly 250 years to complete, with the final touches added in 1813.
The cathedral was built on the ruins of the Templo Mayor, the most sacred temple of the Aztecs, as part of Spain’s effort to replace indigenous religious structures with Catholic symbols. Several architects contributed to the cathedral’s design, including Claudio de Arciniega and Manuel Tolsá, each adding unique elements that shaped its final form.
A Blend of Architectural Styles: Gothic, Baroque, and Neoclassical
If you love sacred art as much as I do, this place if perfect for you. The Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City, is a mix of the many different types of architecture and artistic styles. Its Gothic underpinnings are shown in its soaring spires and ribbed vaults, which call to mind a European cathedral from the Middle Ages.
The cathedral’s intricate façade, ornate altars, and incredible sculptures are all hallmarks of Baroque style, giving the structure a sense of movement and theatricality. When the cathedral began to take its modern form, elements of Neoclassicism came into play, especially in the main altar and some chapels, where the clean lines and elegant simplicity serve as a contrast to the elaborate details of earlier styles.
Another most notable aspect is the Churrigueresque decoration,
It is a Spanish Baroque variant noted for gaudy ornamentation and a sculptural quality. The style is exemplified best in the Altar of the Kings, a stunning work of stone lattice and applied work. A major aspect of the religious architecture of the city is the Baroque style in Mexico, which was launched in 16th-century Italy in reaction to the Protestant Reformation.
Brought to Mexico from Spain in the 17th century, it created a dramatic interplay of light and shadow, as seen in buildings such as the Parroquia de la Santa Veracruz and the Ex Templo de Corpus Christi. Baroque aesthetic reached beyond walls of religious buildings and it also spreaded on civil architecture expressing wealth and power of the noble class.
Some of the most notable ones were the Palacio de la Inquisición and the Antiguo Colegio de San Ildefonso, which still retain and display the grandeur that characterized this period in Mexico City’s history. Also, you can check out the House of Tiles (Casa de los Azulejos). You will travel on your mind to Lisbon, Portugal when you see this beautiful building.
Artistic Treasures Inside the Cathedral
The Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City has this amazing collection of religious art paintings, with all these awesome paintings, sculptures, and altarpieces made by some of Mexico’s most famous artists:
- Cristóbal de Villalpando: was one incredible painter from Mexico, known for his awesome Baroque style. You can spot Villalpando’s mind-blowing works in lots of chapels, showcasing intense biblical scenes.
- Juan Correa: He was famous for his beautiful paintings that are so full of life. The way he brings out the colors and expressions in his art is simply mesmerizing. Correa definitely knew how to capture religious stories in a way that hits you right in the feels.
- José de Alcíbar: A total boss during the New Spain period. Alcíbar was great at creating religious paintings that are still admired in the cathedral to this day. Talk about a lasting legacy, right?
- Jorge Marín: A modern artist who brought a nice contemporary vibe to the cathedral’s collection. His bronze sculptures are undeniably eye-catching and add that extra touch of awesomeness.
- Mexican Baroque Artists: Luis Juárez, Juan Correa, Cristóbal de Villalpando, Nicolás Rodríguez Juárez, José de Ibarra, y Miguel Cabrera.
But the best part, hands down, is the Altar of the Kings. It’s this fantastic golden altarpiece that totally steals the show. Indeed, it’s like the ultimate centerpiece of the whole cathedral, shining bright and enchanting every art, history, and religious lover.
The Crypts: Who is Buried in the Metropolitan Cathedral?
In this incredible place you can find the tombs of some important people from Mexican history. There’s Juan de Zumárraga, the very first bishop of Mexico. He’s famous for being part of the story of the Virgin of Guadalupe.
Then there’s Agustín de Iturbide, the first emperor of independent Mexico. You can see his remains in a little chapel on the side. And let’s not forget Antonio de Mendoza, who was the first leader of New Spain back in the colonial times. These special tombs give the cathedral a serious and historical vibe. It’s not just a place for worship, but also a way to remember and honor the past leaders of Mexico.
The Templo Mayor: The Ancient Aztec Connection
Under the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City, there are still some bits and pieces of the old Templo Mayor. It’s crazy to think that the cathedral was actually built right on top of one of the most important Aztec temples. You can still check out parts of the original temple’s foundation in the underground areas.
Some history buffs think that the Spanish were being all smart and stuff by doing that, to show that they had the upper hand over the native people.
In recent times, archaeologists have been finding all sorts of ancient stuff and structures beneath the cathedral. It just goes to show how deeply linked Mexico’s pre-Hispanic and colonial histories really are.
Additionally,
There’s this network of secret tunnels and hidden rooms that have always fascinated historians and visitors. One of the most mind-blowing underground spaces is the Crypt of the Archbishops (Cripta de los Arzobispos). This place is where they buried some seriously important religious peeps from Mexico. It’s tucked away below the fancy cathedral and it’s got the remains of lots of archbishops who did their thing back in the day, whether it was when New Spain was a thing or independent Mexico happened.
Also, there are theories that there might be more secret tunnels branching out from the crypt, and that they might even connect to other really rad places in the Zocalo, like the National Palace and the Templo Mayor ruins. Crazy, right?
Unfortunately, these tunnels are mostly unknown and unexplored, but they’re many legends about a hidden treasure, an ancient Aztec God locked up, secret escape routes, and even ghosts wandering about under the cathedral’s foundation. You will get the heebie-jeebies!
Legends and Mysteries of the Metropolitan Cathedral
Speaking of legends, the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City has got some super fascinating stories and legends that have been tickling the curiosity of travelers for ages:
- The Crying Woman: There’s this ghostly lady in a white dress who apparently haunts the cathedral at night, crying her eyes out for her kids. Some locals think she’s La Llorona, you know, that creepy Latin American spirit.
- The Moving Christ: So get this, in one of the chapels, there’s this wooden figure of Jesus on a cross that’s been known to do some strange head movements or even change positions. People are convinced it’s got incredible miracle powers.
- The “Sinking” Cathedral: Because of Mexico City’s soft ground, this cathedral has been slowly sinking for centuries. They’ve tried fixing it up, but you can still see that slight tilt. Pretty interesting, right?
Religious Devotions: Las Ánimas del Purgatorio and Other Figures
The Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City is a big deal when it comes to religious stuff. People go there to worship and feel a divine presence in their souls. It is definitely a religious experience. Some of the most famous figures here are:
- Las Ánimas del Purgatorio (The Souls in Purgatory): People pray a lot to these souls, thinking they can directly talk to God for them and free the souls that are trapped in purgatory. There are also some other important religious figures there, like:
- The Virgin of Guadalupe: She has a whole chapel since she’s the patron saint of Mexico.
- San Felipe de Jesús: He’s the first saint from Mexico and has his own special altar.
- The Black Christ of the Cathedral: There’s a wooden statue of Jesus that’s all dark and mysterious, and they say it does some pretty amazing things. El Cristo del Veneno (The Christ of Poison), also known as the Black Christ. According to the story, a man who sought revenge attempted to poison the wooden crucifix inside the cathedral, believing that a priest he despised would kiss its feet during prayer.
However, when the priest remained unharmed, the poison was said to have seeped into the wood, causing the figure of Christ to darken over time. Many believe this miraculous transformation was a divine sign, and to this day, the Black Christ remains an object of deep veneration, housed in one of the cathedral’s chapels, where visitors come to pray and seek protection.
Hidden Gems: The Museums Inside the Cathedral
Besides the fancy altars and chapels, the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City has some nifty little museums that give you a closer look at its history:
- The Sacristy Museum: It’s got all kinds of religious stuff like artifacts, relics, and fancy clothes.
- The Choir Museum: Check out the stunning carvings on wood and the old books the choir used to sing from.
- The Crypt Museum: This one’s got some really old tombs and important historical papers on display.
- Ex-Teresa Arte Actual: Even though it’s not technically part of the Cathedral, this museum is nearby the Cathedral and it’s seriously one of the most beautiful museums I’ve ever been to.
- Templo de San Felipe Neri (La Profesa): If you’re really into all that holy art and stuff, you must visit this secret museum in a church near the Zocalo. It’s perfect for you.
The Bell Tower: Climbing to the Top
If you want an amazing view of Mexico City, you have to check out the campanario, which is basically the bell tower. It’s a really cool spot to climb up and see the whole Zocalo area. You get these incredible panoramic views of the National Palace and the Templo Mayor ruins. Some of the bells up there are very old, from way back in the 16th century. Each one has its own name and an interesting story behind it.
To go up the bell tower, they have guided tours that you can sign up for. They usually run from Tuesday to Sunday, but the exact times can vary. You can buy your tickets inside the cathedral, and the tours even give you some history info about the Metropolitan Cathedral. Just a heads up, the climb has some pretty narrow steps, so you might need to put in a little effort. But let me tell you, the view you get at the top is totally worth it.
Final Tips
If you’re thinking of visiting the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City, here are some important things to keep in mind for a smooth and respectful experience:
Show Some Respect:
Remember, the cathedral is an active place of worship, so try to stay quiet during Mass and other religious ceremonies. Avoid loud chatting and put your phone on silent mode.
Keep It Modest:
While there isn’t a strict dress code, it’s generally a good idea to wear modest clothing, especially if you plan on going inside the chapels or attending a service. Leave the shorts, tank tops, and revealing outfits at home. Also, take off your hat, cap and sunglasses.
Snap Some Pics:
Taking pictures is totally fine, but using flash or bringing tripods is usually a no-no to protect the delicate artwork. Certain areas like the Cripta de los Arzobispos or the bell tower might have restrictions, so just double-check with the staff before going photo crazy.
Time It Right:
If you’re just there to see the sights, it’s best to avoid the busiest Mass hours, especially on Sundays and religious holidays like Semana Santa. Trust me, the cathedral can get seriously crowded.
Be Ready to Walk:
If you’re up for climbing the bell tower, make sure to wear comfy shoes because those stairs are steep and narrow. If you have trouble getting around, just a heads up that it might be a bit challenging.
Stick to the Tour Rules:
If you decide to join a tour, pay attention to the guide and follow any instructions about areas you can’t go or historical artifacts you can’t touch. They’re the experts, so it’s best to play by their rules.
Guard Your Stuff:
Like with any popular tourist spot, keep an eye on your personal belongings and stay aware of any pickpockets, especially in crowded spots like the Zocalo. By following these tips, you’re sure to have a great time. Get ready to visit one of Mexico’s most impressive historical sites.
Conclusion
Indeed, the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City is a once in a lifetime experience whenever you visit this magical city. It’s not just some boring old religious building. It’s like a time capsule, combining Spanish colonial vibes with ancient Aztec roots. This place is pure art!
From its mind-blowing art and fancy architecture to its hidden museums and spooky legends, this place is a total must-see for history nerds, art lovers, and all those spiritual types.
It doesn’t matter if you’re there to check out the incredible artwork, dig into the underground secrets, or just admire how fancy and precious it is, the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City is seriously one of the most wonderful and important landmarks in the whole of the Americas. If you are a true adventurer, don’t miss out this place that will amaze you from the beginning to the end. As we always say, happy travels adventurer!